FISHERIES NECO QUESTION AND ANSWER 2023

FISHERIES NECO QUESTION AND ANSWER 2023

__________________________________________________

✅ EXAM SECRET SOLUTION TEAM

✅ Subject: FISHERIES 

__________________________________________________

 

Refresh page

JOIN WHATSAPP GROUP

==========================================================

Fishery OBJ

01-10 BCECDCCBBC

11-20 BBBECECAEA

21-30 EEAECDBDBA

31-40 DEBAEACCDA

41-50 EDACCCDEDB

51-60 ABDBDDDEBA

===============================================

QUESTION NO. 1

1ai. 

PICK ANY FOUR

1. pH Adjustment: Lime is used to adjust the pH of the pond water. It helps to maintain the optimum pH level for the growth and survival of aquatic organisms.

2. Alkalinity Enhancement: Lime increases the alkalinity of the pond water, which helps in buffering against sudden changes in pH and provides a stable environment for aquatic life.

3. Nutrient Availability: Lime improves the availability of essential nutrients such as calcium and magnesium in the pond water, which are important for the growth and development of aquatic plants and animals.

4. Pond Bottom Conditioning: Lime can be used to condition the pond bottom by reducing acidity and improving the overall soil structure. This helps in promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria and other organisms that contribute to the pond ecosystem.

5. Disease Prevention: Lime has antimicrobial properties and can help in preventing the growth of harmful bacteria and parasites in the pond water, reducing the risk of diseases in aquatic organisms.

6. Water Clarity: Lime can help in improving water clarity by precipitating suspended particles and reducing turbidity. This enhances light penetration, which is essential for the growth of aquatic plants.

7. Beneficial Microbial Activity: Lime promotes the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the pond water, which play a crucial role in nutrient cycling and maintaining a healthy pond ecosystem.

1aii. 

- Aquaculture: Aquaculture refers to the farming of aquatic organisms, including fish, shellfish, and aquatic plants, in controlled environments such as ponds, tanks, or cages. It involves the cultivation, breeding, and harvesting of aquatic species for various purposes, including food production, ornamental trade, and conservation.

- Aquariculture: Aquariculture is a subset of aquaculture that specifically focuses on the cultivation and breeding of aquatich organisms for ornamental purposes. It involves the rearing of fish, invertebrates, and plants in aquariums or artificial environments for the pet trade and decorative purposes.

==========================================================

QUESTION NO. 2

(2aii) 

1.rivers

2. lakes

3.boreholes.

(2aiii) A barrage pond is a type of pond created by constructing a barrage or dam across a river or stream to impound water for fish farming.

(2aiv) Two similarities between Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) and Heterobranchus bidorsalis (African catfish) are that they are both commonly used in aquaculture and are known for their tolerance to a wide range of environmental conditions.

(2b) 

(i) Water quality parameter refers to specific characteristics or measurements used to assess the suitability of water for fish farming, such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia levels, etc.

(2bii) Four ways of improving dissolved oxygen in an earthen pond are through aeration systems, increasing water exchange, managing organic matter, and using aquatic plants to oxygenate the water.

(2biii) Two differences between polyculture and integrated fish farming are that polyculture involves farming multiple species of fish together in the same pond to utilize different niches, while integrated fish farming combines fish farming with other agricultural practices like poultry or vegetable cultivation for mutual benefits.

==========================================================

QUESTION NO 4

(4ai)

Fishing is the activity of catching, harvesting, or capturing fish and other aquatic organisms from their natural habitats, usually for commercial, recreational, or subsistence purposes.

(4aii)

(i)Fishing Nets

(ii)Fishing Hooks and Lines

(iii)Fishing Traps

(4aiii)

To calculate the area of the pond in square meters (m^2), We use the formula: Area = Length × Breadth

Given:

Length = 50,000 cm

Breadth = 25,000 cm

First, convert the measurements to meters:

Length = 50,000 cm ÷ 100 cm/m = 500 meters

Breadth = 25,000 cm ÷ 100 cm/m = 250 meters

Now, calculate the area:

Area = 500 meters × 250 meters = 125,000 square meters (m^2)

(4bi)

- Endo-parasite: An endo-parasite is a parasite that lives inside the host's body, such as in organs, tissues, or blood vessels.

- Ecto-parasite: An ecto-parasite is a parasite that lives on the host's body surface, such as the skin, fins, or gills.

(4bii)

(i)Weight loss and reduced growth rate.

(ii)Increased mucus production and skin irritation.

(iii)Abnormal swimming behavior, such as flashing or rubbing against objects.

(iv)Fins clamping or fin erosion.

(v)Presence of visible parasites on the fish's body or gills.

(4biii)

(i)Install a strong and secure fence around the pond to prevent alligator access.

(ii)Implement regular monitoring and surveillance to detect any alligator presence early and take appropriate action.

(iii)Educate and inform people in the area about alligator behavior and safety measures to prevent future incidents.

(4c)

(i)Both are passive fishing gears that rely on fish swimming into them to be captured.

(ii)They are widely used in commercial fishing to catch a variety of fish species and are designed to be efficient in their respective fishing environments.

========================================================

QUESTION NO 5

(5ai) 

Fish preservation involves methods of preventing or slowing down the spoilage of fish after harvest. This can be done through methods like chilling, freezing, salting, smoking, drying, and canning. 

Fish processing, on the other hand, involves the transformation of fish into forms that are ready for consumption or further processing. This includes methods like filleting, skinning, deboning, mincing, and grinding. 

(5aii) 

(PICK ANY 3 ONLY)

- Refrigerators or freezers 

- Coolers or ice boxes 

- Salt 

- Smokehouses 

- Drying racks 

(5aiii) 

- Refrigerators or freezers operate by using a circulating refrigerant gas that absorbs heat from the fish and expels it outside. This leads to a reduction in temperature, which helps to slow down bacterial growth and preserve the fish. 

- Salt is used as a preservation method primarily for fish that are to be cured or dried. The fish is coated with salt, which draws out moisture and creates an environment that is not conducive for microbial growth. 

- Smokehouses are used for smoking fish, which involves exposing it to smoke from burning wood chips. This imparts a distinctive flavor and color to the fish, and also helps to preserve it by slowing down the growth of bacteria and parasites. 

(5bi) 

- Moringa: This is a plant that is commonly used in traditional medicine and as a food source in many parts of the world. The leaves of the moringa tree can be dried and ground into a powder, which can be added to fish feed to boost its nutrient content. Moringa is rich in vitamins, minerals, and protein, and has antioxidant properties that help to improve fish health and growth. 

- Soybean: Soybean meal is a popular ingredient in fish feed due to its high protein content and amino acid composition. Soybean is a plant-based protein source that is easily digestible by fish, and can be used as a substitute for fishmeal, which is a finite resource. 

(5bii) 

- Manual method of fish feeding involves hand-feeding fish at regular intervals. This is usually done in small-scale fish farms or recreational ponds, where the number of fish is manageable. The feed can be delivered directly to the water surface, or scattered over the pond. 

- Feeding frequency refers to the number of times per day that fish are fed. This can vary depending on the species of fish, their age and size, and the conditions of the pond. Generally, fingerlings and juveniles require more frequent feeding than adult fish. Overfeeding can lead to water pollution and disease outbreaks, while underfeeding can result in stunted growth and poor health. 

(5c) 

- Both plastic ponds and tarpaulin ponds are types of portable or temporary fish ponds that can be easily set up and dismantled. 

- They are both made from lightweight and durable materials that are resistant to punctures, tears, and UV damage. This makes them ideal for outdoor use, especially in areas where land is scarce or expensive.

========================================================

QUESTION

==========================================================

COMPLETE ✅